The QES prescription is a rule for computing entanglement entropies in quantum gravity that has become one of the central tools in holography. In particular, it was crucial to recent progress on understanding the Page curve for evaporating black holes. However, as I will show, a naïve application of the QES prescription for arbitrary bulk states is paradoxical, even at leading order. Instead, it needs to be replaced by a more refined prescription based on tools from one-shot quantum Shannon theory. I will show how the failure of the QES prescription come from a failure of the assumptions in the Lewkowycz-Maldacena derivation, and how a more careful replica trick derivation correctly computes the leading order corrections.